Resume Format

Your resume format decides whether a recruiter (or their ATS) can read your experience at all. Here are the three main formats, when to use each, the standard section order, the ATS rules that matter, and how format changes by country.

Get My Resume in the Right Format

The 3 resume formats (and when to use each)

Pick the structure that fits your career situation.

Reverse-chronological

Best for steady career progression (the default, most ATS-friendly).

Lists your most recent role first and works backward. Recruiters and ATS both expect it, so use it unless you have a strong reason not to.

Functional (skills-based)

Best for career changers or significant gaps.

Groups achievements by skill instead of by job. It can downplay gaps, but many ATS parse it poorly — use sparingly and still include a brief work history.

Combination (hybrid)

Best for senior profiles and specialists.

Opens with a skills/summary block, then a full reverse-chronological history. Balances keyword visibility with a clear timeline.

Standard resume section order

  1. 1Contact details (name, email, phone, location, LinkedIn)
  2. 2Professional summary (2–3 lines tailored to the role)
  3. 3Work experience (reverse-chronological, with quantified bullets)
  4. 4Education
  5. 5Skills (hard skills and tools relevant to the job)
  6. 6Optional: certifications, languages, projects

ATS formatting rules

Do

  • Use standard section headings ("Work Experience", "Education", "Skills").
  • Keep a single-column layout with a common font (Arial, Calibri, Georgia).
  • Submit as .docx or PDF when both are accepted, with real selectable text.
  • Mirror keywords from the job description naturally.

Avoid

  • Put key information in headers, footers, tables, columns or text boxes.
  • Use graphics or icons to convey content the ATS needs to read.
  • Add a photo for US/UK applications.
  • Use creative section names the parser will not recognize.

Resume format by country

Length and photo conventions differ by market. Open the country guide or download a matching template.

United States

No photo
1–2 pages

United Kingdom

Optional photo
2 pages max

Germany

Photo expected
2–3 pages

France

Photo optional
1–2 pages

Spain

Photo optional
1–2 pages

Netherlands

Photo optional
2 pages

See the full set of international CV formats.

Resume format FAQ

What is the best resume format in 2026?

For most people, the reverse-chronological format is best: it is what recruiters expect and what applicant tracking systems parse most reliably. Use a combination format for senior roles and a functional format only for career changes or large gaps.

Chronological vs functional resume — which should I use?

Use chronological if your work history is steady and relevant. Use functional only if you are changing careers or have gaps, and even then keep a short dated work history so the ATS and recruiter can follow your timeline.

Does resume format change by country?

Yes. US resumes are 1–2 pages with no photo; UK CVs run up to 2 pages; German CVs are 2–3 pages and usually include a photo. Match the local expectation for each application.

What file format should I send — PDF or Word?

Send a PDF when the posting allows it, since it preserves layout. Send .docx when the employer or ATS specifically requests an editable file. Either way, ensure the text is selectable, not an image.

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